Simply defined, a cystocele is a protrusion of the bladder into the vagina due to defects in pelvic support (Fig. 1). The radiographic definition of a cystocele is descent of the bladder base ...

Traction enteroceles are relatively common and are usually found in conjunction with uterine prolapse, cystocele, and rectocele. The preferred treatment is vaginal hysterectomy with concurrent ...