Synucleins are small cytosolic proteins expressed in the nervous system; they are localized in synaptic terminals 1,2,3 but not tightly associated with either cytoskeletal or vesicular fractions.

Over the last decade, cysteine thiolate ligands have been shown to be critical to the Cu(I) (cuprous) binding chemistry of many cytosolic metallochaperone and metalloregulatory proteins involved ...

The researchers also performed ex vivo experiments involving aged mouse brain lysates, in which they isolated cytosolic proteins to test the selective effects of βHB on misfolded proteins.