This review is adapted from Gaziano JM. Global burden of heart disease. In: Braunwald E, Zipes DP, Libby P, eds. Heart Disease: A Textbook of Cardiovascular Medicine. 6th ed. Philadelphia ...

Cardiovascular diseases remain a global health crisis, spurring an urgent demand for innovative diagnostic tools that enable early detection and effective treatment.

In large part, the global variation in CVD rates is related to temporal and regional variations in known risk behaviors and factors. Recent ecologic analyses of major CVD risk factors and ...