That's why every bit of electrical work has "hot" and "neutral" wires. When an electrical system is flowing, the current wants to reach equilibrium by returning to the ground. Most of the time ...

Here we have a branch circuit originating at a 15 amp circuit breaker, with 14 American Wire Gauge (AWG) cable and light ...

The case becomes an extension of that live wire. This is called a fault. But the metal case is connected to an electrical path consisting of the ground wire in the power cord plugged into the ...