Its white, cottony egg sacs are visible year-round on the undersides of hemlock branches, near the base of the needles. As the adelgid feeds, it injects toxic saliva into the tree, causing the ...

HWA use sucking mouthparts to pierce through the base of the hemlock needles into the parenchyma cells (nutrient transport cells). Large infestations can quickly deplete trees of their vital nutrients ...

If you ever made friends with a tree, then you will understand why I wrote this. The Eastern hemlock became my friend when I was a child, playing on a forested slope behind the house that my dad ...