leading to high recovery rates of up to 97% for oil and 75% for water, with minimal impurities. “Guo et al. stacked a hydrophilic and a hydrophobic membrane one in front of the other to form a ...

Surfactants can stabilize oil and water in an emulsion, a useful mechanism in many industrial processes and in cleaning up ...

Hydroxyl groups are hydrophilic and dissolve in water, whilst fatty acid chains are hydrophobic and dissolve in oil, forming a stable emulsion. This results in E471 being a very effective emulsifier.