Over the last decade, the highly efficacious reduction of in-stent restenosis (ISR) by drug-eluting stents (DES), [1,2] has revolutionized the practice of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI ...

In clinical trials, the most common adverse effect of this treatment was injection site reaction (ISR). This can occur in up to 49% of patients and usually presents as erythema, pruritus ...

The subsequent introduction of Drug Eluting Stents (DES) revolutionised the field by significantly reducing the risk of in-stent restenosis (ISR). However, challenges persisted, particularly in ...