or Ro antigens, anticardiolipin antibody, and antineutrophil cytoplasm antibody are implicated in many vasculitic syndromes in LE (Lupus Foundation of America, 2005; Mansi, Opran, & Rosner ...
The patient is a 45-year-old Caucasian male with a 5-year history of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). He has flat erythema that is more prominent on the upper chest, neck, and head. The rash ...