As an example, let’s consider the AND gate (the others are OR, NOT, NAND, NOR, XOR and XNOR). Electronic gates operate on two nominal voltages, normally 0 V and 5 V, representing the logic 0 ...

3. Fairchild’s proposed NOR logic circuit is upside down but identical to textbook NOR gates in CMOS. Operation is simple: The output Y can only be pulled low by the N devices if they’re all ...

Here’s a blast from the past as we reprint our news from NYC’s 1961 IRE show—the first integrated logic circuits in TO-5 and ...