Glucokinase activation patterns the Ca 2+ wave axis, which originates from stochastic β-cell subpopulations on the islet periphery that change between oscillations. • The stochasticity of ‘leader’ ...

By contrast, highly connected or hub cells are stable, and located toward the islet center. Suggesting that the two subpopulations are differentially regulated by fuel input, glucokinase activation ...

Direct translocation of RNA with secondary structures using single-molecule electrophoresis through protein nanopores shows significant fluctuations in the measured ionic current, in contrast to ...