Raman spectroscopy is an optical technique that detects intrinsic vibrational, rotational and other low-frequency modes in molecules upon inelastic scattering of monochromatic light. Because ...

Creative Commons (CC): This is a Creative Commons license. Attribution (BY): Credit must be given to the creator. Confocal Raman microscopy, a highly specific and label-free technique for the ...

Department of Chemistry, School of Natural Sciences, National University of Sciences and Technology, H-12, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan ...