Exopeptidases remove the terminal amino acids from the protein chain and endopeptidases attack an internal peptide bond, as in trypsin, chymotrypsin, pepsin, elastase and papain. The docking of a ...

Level of Evidence: C=Limited populations evaluated. Only consensus opinion of experts, case studies, or standard of care; Fair=Benefits exceed the harms but quality of evidence is not as strong; 1+ = ...

The tumor microenvironment (TME) is a complex structure comprised of tumor, immune and stromal cells, vasculature, and extracellular matrix (ECM). During tumor development, ECM homeostasis is ...

Antibacterial drug resistance is the process that bacteria use to tolerate and overcome the effects of antibiotic drugs. Resistance can arise through mutations or can be acquired from other ...

Background: Crohn’s disease (CD) is an immune-mediated disorder characterized by immune cell infiltration that induces persistent chronic inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract. Programmed cell ...