Spiny projection neurons (SPNs) in dorsal striatum are often proposed as a locus of reinforcement learning in the basal ganglia. Here, we identify and resolve a fundamental inconsistency between ...

More information: Min Jung Kim et al, Dopamine release plateau and outcome signals in dorsal striatum contrast with classic reinforcement learning formulations, Nature Communications (2024).

This will then be followed by an exploration of the role of new players (i.e., adenosine) in the tight relationship between endocannabinoid signaling and D2 receptor activation in the production of ...

Enriquez-Traba et al. show that neurons in the ventral striatum co-express D1 and D3 receptors, which they use to signal dissociable aspects of reward. Substance-use disorders (SUDs) are ...

Addiction involves loss of control over use of a substance, often in the presence of physiological and psychological dependence on a substance and compulsion to continue seeking and using the ...

New imaging techniques show striking changes in white and grey matter between 11 and 25 years of age, with increased connectivity between brain regions, and increased dopaminergic activity in the ...

Researchers have created a 3D atlas mapping brain regions that connect to V1 spinal interneurons, which shape motor output. By using a genetically modified rabies virus, they pinpointed connections ...

Conversely, 5-HT can modulate GABA release through its receptors. The 5-HT and DA systems maintain a mutual regulatory relationship, affecting DA synthesis, release, and reuptake, especially in areas ...