Purpose: The pharmacology, pharmacokinetics, clinical efficacy, adverse effects, drug interactions, dosage and administration, and formulary considerations of tiotropium are discussed. Conclusion ...

Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Jonathan and Karin Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States ...

In our study, we found an increased risk of CVE associated with the use of ipratropium bromide in patients with COPD. We found a significant effect of recency of exposure to ipratropium bromide on ...

Short-acting muscarinic agents include ipratropium bromide and oxitropium bromide. Long-acting muscarinic agents include ... 1 and ENHANCE-2), which included a total of 975 patients who received 3 mg ...

Complete measurements of MSNA (measured by fibular nerve microneurography) resting supine brachial blood pressure (measured by automated oscillometry; BpTRU BPM-200), heart rate (measured via ECG), ...

Not currently distributed in Australia. Each 1 mL of Atrovent Adult UDV contains 522 micrograms of ipratropium bromide monohydrate (equivalent to 500 micrograms of ipratropium bromide) as the ...