10.5: Semiconductors- Band Gaps, Colors, Conductivity and Doping
The band gap is a very important property of a semiconductor because it determines its color and conductivity. Many of the applications of semiconductors are related to band gaps: Narrow gap materials (Hg x Cd 1 - x Te, VO 2 , InSb, Bi 2 Te 3 ) are used as infrared photodetectors and thermoelectrics (which convert heat to electricity).
band gap – dielectrics, semiconductors, metals, energy, …
Therefore, semiconductors (at least those with a narrow band gap) appear opaque and can transmit only infrared light – and that with a rather high refractive index. The details, however, substantially depend on whether we have a direct or indirect band gap – see below.
Semiconductor Band Gaps - HyperPhysics
Data from Kittel, C., Introduction to Solid State Physics, 6th Ed., New York:John Wiley, 1986, p. 185.
Direct and Indirect Band Gap Semiconductors - Electronics Lessons
Direct band gap semiconductors are materials where the minimum of the conduction band aligns directly with the maximum of the valence band in momentum space. This alignment allows electrons to transition between these energy bands by emitting or absorbing photons without a change in momentum.
Band Theory: Valence Band, Conduction Band, and Band Gap
2024年7月23日 · Semiconductors fall somewhere in between, with a small band gap that can be overcome by external factors like temperature or doping. Common examples of semiconductors include silicon (Si), germanium (Ge), gallium arsenide (GaAs), and indium phosphide (InP).
Bandgap, Band Gap - Semiconductor Engineering
2019年6月11日 · The bandgap, or band gap, describes the space in all solids where no electrons go, between those two bands, valence and conduction. The gap, also known as an energy gap, varies by material from no bandgap to wide bandgap.
Explained: Bandgap | MIT News | Massachusetts Institute of …
2010年7月23日 · When electricity passes through a semiconductor, it can emit a photon, whose color is determined by the material’s bandgap. That’s the basis for light-emitting diodes, which are increasingly being used for displays and computer screens, and are seen as the ultimate low-power light bulbs.
Band Theory of Semiconductors - Engineering LibreTexts
Semiconductors are classified by the fully occupied valence band and unoccupied conduction band. With the small band gap in between these two bands, it takes a certain amount of energy to excite the electrons from the valence to conduction band.
According to the band theory of solids, which is an outcome of quantum mechanics, semiconductors possess a band gap, i.e., there is a range of forbidden energy values for the electrons and holes.
Semiconductor Band Gaps - HyperPhysics
A low band gap implies higher intrinsic conduction, and a high band gap implies a larger possible photon energy associated with a transition across the gap in light emitting diodes. Band gaps in electron volts are given for a few semiconductor materials in the table below.
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