Bukhara (/ b ʊ ˈ x ɑːr ə / buu-KHAR-ə) [2] [a] is the seventh-largest city in Uzbekistan by population, with 280,187 residents as of 1 January 2020. [1] It is the capital of Bukhara Region. [3]People have inhabited the region around Bukhara for at least five millennia, and the city has existed for half that time.