A study of pyrazines in cigarettes and how additives might be …
Pyrazines have been reported to have chemosensory and pharmacological properties and appear to be widely used now in cigarette brands. Pyrazines may help to optimise nicotine delivery and dosing, and promote addiction through cueing, learned behaviour and/or direct effects.
Pyrazine - Wikipedia
Pyrazine is a heterocyclic aromatic organic compound with the chemical formula C 4 H 4 N 2. It is a symmetrical molecule with point group D 2h. Pyrazine is less basic than pyridine, pyridazine and pyrimidine. It is a "deliquescent crystal or wax-like solid with a …
Nicotine Alone Does Not Lead To Addiction: Additives Found In …
2015年6月10日 · Pyrazine additives may be reinforcing the addictive qualities of nicotine, say the researchers who further recommend strict regulation of this particular cigarette (and e-cig) ingredient. Just under 600 additives are approved for use in cigarettes.
Pyrazines: Synthesis and Industrial Application of these Valuable ...
2020年7月17日 · Pyrazines are volatile, nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compounds widely distributed in plants, insects, fungi and bacteria. They act as an odor signal to repel predators and effectively prevent vegetative tissue or immature fruit from being eaten.
Pyrazines in Food - SpringerLink
2019年10月24日 · Pyrazines are volatile compounds that share a common chemical structure, including a monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbon with a counterpoint nitrogen atom. Pyrazines can be synthesized chemically or biologically and can be used as flavor additives. Pyrazines are mainly formed during food thermal processing (Asikin et al. 2016). Pyrazines are key ...
Pyrazine | Aromatic, Aromaticity, Heterocyclic | Britannica
pyrazine, any of a class of organic compounds of the heterocyclic series characterized by a ring structure containing four atoms of carbon and two of nitrogen. The pyrazine ring is part of many polycyclic compounds of biological or industrial significance.
Pyrazine | C4H4N2 | CID 9261 - PubChem
Pyrazine is a diazine that is benzene in which the carbon atoms at positions 1 and 4 have been replaced by nitrogen atoms. It has a role as a Daphnia magna metabolite. It is a member of pyrazines and a diazine. Pyrazine has been reported in Nicotiana tabacum, Coffea arabica, and Daphnia magna with data available.
Progress on the Synthesis Pathways and Pharmacological Effects …
Pyrazines, as a class of volatile compounds containing heterocyclic nitrogen, have been identified as crucial flavoring constituents in traditional fermented foods, such as the Chinese liquor Baijiu, cheese, and soy sauce, which contribute to roasted, baked, and nutty flavors [1, 2].
Pyrazine - an overview | ScienceDirect Topics
Pyrazine is an aromatic azaheterocycle containing two nitrogen atoms, known for its electron-deficient nature. It is a key pharmacophore in various drugs, including anti-inflammatory, anticancer, and antimicrobial agents, with significant applications in pharmaceuticals, flavor, fragrance, and food industries.
Pyrazines: occurrence, formation and biodegradation - Applied ...
2009年12月2日 · Pyrazines are a class of compounds that occur almost ubiquitously in nature. Pyrazines can be synthesised chemically or biologically, and are used as flavouring additives. The major formation of pyrazines occurs during heating of food.