Diverse Phage-Encoded Toxins and Their Role in Bacterial Ecology …
APSE (for Acyrthosiphon pisum secondary endosymbiont) is a lambda-like phage with an isometric head and a short tail that was originally isolated from an Acyrthosiphon pisum (pea aphid) infected by a secondary endosymbiont (van der Wilk et al. 1999) and APSE is associated with Hamiltonella defensa.
Phages and the Evolution of Bacterial Pathogens: from Genomic ...
Only two lambda-like prophages (sp5 and sp15) carried proven virulence factors (stx1 and stx2), but many other prophages contained potential virulence factors (e.g., sp4 sodC; sp6 candidate cytotoxin) .
Modulation of host virulence by virus ~ ViralZone - Expasy
- Phage encoded diphteria toxin causes the disease diphtheria in humans by gaining entry into the cytoplasm of cells and inhibiting protein synthesis. Some phages encode invasins that allow the bacteria to penetrate the eukaryotic host tissue layers or cells. Some of these proteins catalyze the breakdown of tissues in the eukaryotic host.
Bacteriophage lambda: early pioneer and still relevant - PMC
The Shiga-like toxins are important in the human disease E. coli hemorrhagic colitis, and the stxA and stxB genes that encode the toxin are carried mostly by lambdoid phage 933W and its close relatives (Plunkett et al., 1999; Smith et al., 2012), where they lie within the late operon between the promoter and lysis genes (Neely and Friedman, 1998).
Phage Conversion and the Role of Bacteriophage and Host
2016年5月19日 · Toxinogenesis in C. diphtheriae is a paradigm for phage conversion, defined as a change in the phenotype of a bacterial host resulting from infection by a bacteriophage.
Bacteriophage lambda: alive and well and still doing its thing
2001年4月1日 · The virulence of some pathogenic strains of Escherichia coli is enhanced by the expression of Shiga toxin (stx) genes encoded on a resident lambdoid prophage. Recent work suggests that the phage regulatory network may be a significant contributor to toxin production and release by these pathogenic E. coli.
Bacteriophage-based Vectors for Site-specific Insertion of DNA in …
Abstract. In Corynebacterium diphtheriae, diphtheria toxin is encoded by the tox gene of some temperate corynephages such as β. β-like corynephages are capable of inserting into the C. diphtheriae chromosome at two specific sites, attB1 and attB2.Transcription of the phage-encoded tox gene, and many chromosomally-encoded genes, is …
Bacteriophage lambda: Early pioneer and still relevant
2015年5月1日 · We include discussion of phages related to lambda, which are commonly referred to as “lambdoid” phages. This ill-defined (and often incorrectly used) term refers phages with very similar lifestyles to lambda and genomes that are mosaically related to lambda.
Enterobacteria Phage Lambda - an overview - ScienceDirect
For example, diphtheria toxin will be produced only when Corynebacterium diphtheriae is lysogenized with temperate phage β, because the toxin gene is carried by the phage and not by the bacterium. Lysogenic conversion may be important in the ecology of both a phage and its host and may have an effect on the potential for the transfer of genes ...
Genetic Analysis of tox+ and tox− Bacteriophages of …
The factor which directs the synthesis of diphtherial toxin during infection of appropriate corynebacterial hosts by toxinogenic corynebacteriophages is designated tox +. It was possible to show that the tox + determinant of phage β behaves as a single genetic element which occupies a position between the loci h and imm on the genetic map of ...